π¬ NASA 3D prints human knee tissue in space
NASA successfully bioprinted a human knee meniscus inside the International Space Station in September 2023. This was done by researchers using a specialized 3D bioprinter in microgravity aboard the ISS. The experiment utilized type I and II collagen, chondroitin sulphate, and mesenchymal stem cells. While the shape fidelity was good, the tissue's stiffness was significantly lower compared to ground controls. This proof of concept paves the way for future in-space tissue manufacturing for astronauts and Earth-based medicine.