india π Madras tram history: from horses to failure
Madras first used horse-drawn trams in the 1870s, before launching an electric system in 1895. Simultaneously, T. Namberumal Chetty proposed a monorail system based on the Ewing patent design. This monorail saw its first line between Poonamallee and Avadi by 1907. However, the tramway operation ultimately never made a profit, leading to its shutdown in the early 1950s. The service ceased completely on April 13, 1953, with government buses taking over passenger transport. π