🧠 Can brain stimulation actually fix depression? 🤔
Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) successfully treats Parkinson’s, leading researchers to test it for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in 2017. The BROADEN study showed no significant improvement at six months between active and sham stimulation for the patients. However, later open-label phases showed much higher response rates at two years for these hard-to-treat individuals. Investigators argue the treatment didn't fail, but the study did, leading to the TRANSCEND trial. This new multicenter study started in early 2025 across 25 US sites to re-evaluate its effectiveness.